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this year's fires have already been burning for more than two months, and according to Reuters, they may be the worst in 11 years. As of October 9, at least 11 fire sites were still not extinguished, covering an area of 85,000 hectares,

more than 200,000 hectares of forest and land across the country were consumed by fire. The satellite monitoring platform "Nusantara Atlas" pointed out that from January to August this year, nearly 900,000 hectares of land had been burned across Indonesia.

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Faced with this "disaster that happens every year," a group of Indigenous organizations and civil society groups chose to no longer remain silent—they took Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto and provincial governors and other officials to court…

about 13,500 people received treatment for respiratory infections, while on the two islands of Borneo and Sumatra, about 5.5 million people were directly exposed to the thick smoke. BBC reported on September 23 that more than 40,000 cases occurred in young children…

Indonesia holds about 36% of the world's tropical peatlands. Natural peatlands remain waterlogged year-round and do not easily burn; but drainage projects lower the water table, drying out the peat and increasing fire risk.

Once these peatlands catch fire, they can smolder underground for weeks or even months, making them difficult to fully extinguish. Since the 1990s, Indonesia has dug large-scale drainage canals to convert peatlands into plantations for palm oil, pulpwood, and other cash crops…