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Proofpoint has directly observed a targeted email campaign that delivers DarkSword RCE, and we attribute the messages to Russian FSB threat actor TA446 with high confidence. 🧵

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We have not previously observed TA446 target users’ iCloud accounts or Apple devices, but the adoption of the leaked DarkSword iOS exploit kit has now enabled the actor to target iOS devices. TA446 does not overlap with UNC6353. Further details below:

On March 26, 2026, Proofpoint observed many compromised senders spoofing the Atlantic Council in a campaign that we attribute to TA446 (Callisto, COLDRIVER, Star Blizzard, which is linked to Russia’s FSB Centre 18).

The activity on March 26 was a similar spike, but with links instead of attachments. Proofpoint automated analysis was redirected to a benign decoy PDF, likely because of server-side filtering to only redirect iPhone browsers to the exploit kit.