There’s some cool recent research on this phenomenon! It turns out vision language models excel at image benchmarks *even when the actual images aren’t provided,* because the answers are implicit in the questions! arxiv.org/abs/2603.21687
It's really instructive to look at an LLM's output and piece by piece look to see how much of it was already implicit in the prompt, and where exactly. It makes me realize how much I'm telling on myself all the time.
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