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Took some time today to catch up with Johann Rehberger's Month of AI Bugs and wow... 15 examples so far of major prompt injection vulnerabilities in products including ChatGPT, Codex, Cursor, Amp, Devin, Claude Code, GitHub Copilot and Google Jules simonwillison.net/2025/Aug/15/...

simonwillison.netThe Summer of Johann: prompt injections as far as the eye can seeIndependent AI researcher Johann Rehberger (previously) has had an absurdly busy August. Under the heading The Month of AI Bugs he has been publishing one report per day across an …

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i’m starting to feel that prompt injection is a misnomer. people need learn that there is no difference and that an LLM will treat all input data as a prompt, no injection needed.

Prompt injection is named after SQL injection - both of those are vulnerabilities where the code issue is concatenation other strings containing trusted instructions with strings of untrusted user data

yeah, that’s fair! i just feel that the name doesn’t reflect the level at which it is unpatchable. there is no such thing as escaping untrusted user input for an LLM but yes, both are cases of programmers telling ”here you go, write any code you want in this template” and not expect them to do so

I think this is similar to when we discovered flying. It wasn't really safe - in fact, the numbers were somewhat terrifying - and yet the perceived opportunity cost of not pursuing it drove us to do it anyway, and in increasing volumes...or at least, I think that metaphor applies...

Instructional Segment Embeddings arxiv.org/abs/2410.09102 kind of do this - they do not use separate start/end-of tokens, but add author embeddings on top of token embeddings during SFT - it does seem to make (small) models less vulnerable to malicious prompts, but it's an incremental improvement

arxiv.orgInstructional Segment Embedding: Improving LLM Safety with Instruction HierarchyLarge Language Models (LLMs) are susceptible to security and safety threats, such as prompt injection, prompt extraction, and harmful requests. One major cause of these vulnerabilities is the lack of ...