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At the risk of starting the flame war to end all flame wars... Modern LLMs (GPT-5.1, Claude 4.5, Gemini 3) produce excellent code and can be a significant productivity boost to software engineers who take the time to learn how to effectively apply them - especially if used with coding agent tools

Ok I mean it's pretty easy to say this, but rarely can someone actually explain every layer of dependencies underneath the code they CAN explain. Comprehension is always shared across people for complex work.

That's true, I may be able to reason my way through Python libraries I'm using but once you get down to the cPython interpreter I'm mostly out of my comfort zone, and once you get to the operating system calls or hardware I'm completely lost

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It is difficult to even comprehend all the layers underneath, when doing web frontend work. A ginormous pyramid of abstraction layers. It is incredible that it works at all. A testament to the power of cooperating humans, built within a few decades.

What level of comprehension/and fixing we want to expect from people, in order for them to do certain kinds of work, is such an interesting and important question! And has been a bit ignored in software so far in a way that isn't helping us now, imho.

I suspect that we really do need to emphasize a much more social learning/collaborative knowledge approach to this versus individual understanding, that's the piece that software culture doesn't like to admit though!

Especially "computer science" is built on leveraging abstractions at every layer. It's not really useful to "know" everything. Though, when you look at some frontend projects with 1500+ NPM packages, you got to wonder how much one *should* know about those dependencies.

For better (or probably) worse, I think it’s the code you put your name against. I.e. you can use any tool you like, but you need to sign your name to the output. I’d expect someone to understand what dependencies they used and how they used them, as well as the first-party code they write.

Below that level, my expectation is that your understanding gets progressively less. Any depth is a bonus. So, agree very much that our overall understanding is more social.