Zeke Hausfather

Zeke Hausfather

@zekehausfather.com

"A tireless chronicler and commentator on all things climate" -NYTimes. Climate research lead @stripe, writer @CarbonBrief, scientist @BerkeleyEarth, IPCC AR7 lead author. Website: https://zekehausfather.com/ Substack: https://www.theclimatebrink.com/

42.8K followers339 following2.9K posts

In the rush to build data centers, companies are starting to use their own off grid gas generators. This results in much higher emissions – 60% to 80% – compared with using their local electricity grid and risks locking in longer-term fossil dependence. www.theclimatebrink....

View full thread

Its important to try and reduce the barriers to grid connection by making it easier to build more clean energy and transmission quickly to support new loads – from data centers, electric vehicles, heat pumps, and others. Otherwise we will be stuck with a lot more fossil fuel use.

In the rush to build data centers, companies are starting to use their own off grid gas generators. This results in much higher emissions – 60% to 80% – compared with using their local electricity grid and risks locking in longer-term fossil dependence. www.theclimatebrink....

These generators are much less efficient – and have higher methane leakage – compared with modern combined cycle gas turbines. Building off grid also means that data centers won't benefit from the continuing rapid decarbonization of generation occurring in many parts of the US.

In some regions with high gas leakage or cleaner grids the off-grid penalty is even worse. In West Texas it results in around twice the emissions of an on-grid data center.

When we properly run the numbers we end up just shy of statistically significant acceleration in the surface temperature records (at least without correcting for El Niño, solar, and volcanic variability), though with 2026 shaping up to be a top-2 hottest year this will shortly change:

Will this year's record-shattering El Niño event be the strongest in a millennium? In a new piece over at The Climate Brink I review the paleoclimate literature from tree rings and corals and argue that may well turn out to be the case:

theclimatebrink.comThe strongest El Niño in a thousand years?Tree rings and corals both put the biggest modern El Niños at or near the top of the past millennium, and this year’s event is on track to land well above them.

The October runs for dynamical El Niño models are now all out, and its a mixed bag. Some revise the event downward, some upward, but on average its still expected to peak at ~4C, albeit with the peak more likely to occur in December than November:

View full thread

The October runs for dynamical El Niño models are now all out, and its a mixed bag. Some revise the event downward, some upward, but on average its still expected to peak at ~4C, albeit with the peak more likely to occur in December than November:

View full thread

The October runs for dynamical El Niño models are now all out, and its a mixed bag. Some revise the event downward, some upward, but on average its still expected to peak at ~4C, albeit with the peak more likely to occur in December than November:

There is a bit of a jump between observed September Oceanic Niño Index (ONI – 2.8C) and projected October ONI (~3.6C) in the models, but this isn't too far out of the realm of possibility as its been averaging about 3.2C over the first third of October:

This year's El Niño continues its climb into uncharted waters; Niño3.4 region anomalies are now at a 3.4C above normal (how fitting!), higher than any prior El Niño event on record. September monthly Niño3.4 anomalies also set a record at 2.9C (beating 2015 and 1877's 2.75C).

View full thread

This year's El Niño continues its climb into uncharted waters; Niño3.4 region anomalies are now at a 3.4C above normal (how fitting!), higher than any prior El Niño event on record. September monthly Niño3.4 anomalies also set a record at 2.9C (beating 2015 and 1877's 2.75C).

The relative Oceanic Niño Index (RONI) is up to 3C; not quite in record territory yet, but rapidly closing in. With another two months or so of growth to go its almost certain to set a record as well.

View full thread

Globally around 75% of new demand has been met by clean energy since 2005, with 99% being met by solar and wind in 2025. The globe may be on the brink of absolute emissions reductions in the power sector, with clean energy growing faster than demand.

View full thread
View full thread

Globally around 75% of new demand has been met by clean energy since 2005, with 99% being met by solar and wind in 2025. The globe may be on the brink of absolute emissions reductions in the power sector, with clean energy growing faster than demand.

So the next time someone tells you that clean energy is not reducing emissions, just meeting new demand, ask them what would have happened if we hadn't built it. Solar panels do not create demand, and without them we'd have been burning a lot more fossil fuels.

View full thread

Indeed, in many cases increased electricity use is a good thing – to effectively meet net zero goals we need to largely electrify transportation, industrial processes, building heating and cooling, and the ~70% of energy coming from non-electricity fossil fuel combustion today.

We also see countries where rapid growth of solar and wind has played a key role in absolutely reducing power sector emissions, not just meeting new demand. The US has seen power sector emissions fall 37%, the EU by 55%, and the UK by 75% since 2005:

View full thread

If we hold solar and wind at 2005 levels and fill in the gaps with fossil fuels (with the mix determined by country – coal in China and India, mostly gas in the US and EU), global power sector emissions would have been 28% higher.

Clean energy does not create demand, and appeals to Jevon's paradox are mostly off the mark given that electricity prices have not meaningfully declined in most countries and the elasticity of electricity demand is relatively low in most cases.

View full thread

But despite this rapid growth fossil fuel generation continues to set new records, though it has slowed down substantially compared to the rate of fossil fuel growth in the 1990s and 2000s. This leads some to argue that clean energy isn't actually reducing emissions.

But this line of argument ignores the counterfactual. In a world without solar and wind, electricity demand would still have increased rapidly – driven by increased industrial output, air conditioning/heating, vehicle electrification, and data centers.

Clean energy has been wildly successful. Non-hydro renewables (primarily solar and wind) have increased from near-zero in 2005 to producing 22% of global electricity, and are on track to produce more than natural gas this year:

I often see people claim that because clean energy sources like solar, wind, or nuclear are manufactured using fossil fuels their emissions are high. But thats absolutely not the case: even accounting for full lifecycle emissions they are vastly better than burning coal or gas:

September 2026 was the second warmest September on record (after 2023's "gobsmackingly bananas" month), coming in at 1.63C above preindustrial levels in the ERA5 dataset.

2026 as a whole is now on track to end up roughly tied with 2024 as the warmest year on record in ERA5, at 1.6C above preindustrial. And 2027 waiting in the wings to be quite a bit warmer on the back of a record-setting El Nino event.

Confused by all the debate about the new permitting reform bill? Here is a quick cheat-sheet of the most important provisions, and their likely impact on emissions:

Zeke Hausfather reposted

Wading into the "relative versus absolute" El Niño intensity debate: I genuinely think both are important--and I think we lose important information if we focus solely on one vs another. And both, as of late Sep, have now reached or exceeded record levels! [Thread]