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I appreciate this effort, especially the smartphone analogy, we need to be using that analogy, and the impending destruction of Automotive brands as a result, often Is there a way to produce the penetration graph in a way that makes it easier to understand when each country is expected to hit 100%?

Thank you for your interest. This forecast is based on mathematical models that assume some kind of linearity;. In practice, once a threshold of 80-85% is reached, the market for the the "old" product simply disappears, and goes to 100% very quickly (as opposed to 96 in one year, the 97, ...).

What I am curious about: when EVs hit that scale, does our built world infrastructure keep pace? Charging networks, grid capacity, battery recycling systems. The cars are ready. The question is whether the surrounding systems are being co-built at the same velocity. Solid analysis.

Good question. There is money to made with most of that, so the likelihood of the the forces of the market looking after that aspect is fairly high. Grid capacity could be a bottleneck.