James Orr

James Orr

@jamesaorr.bsky.social

DECRA fellow at the University of Queensland | microbial ecology, theoretical ecology, multiple stressors, community dynamics | https://jamesaorr.github.io

1.3K followers892 following30 posts

Pinned

James Orr reposted

James Orr reposted

James Orr reposted

We rely on healthy soil microbial communities to support ecosystem functioning and plant growth, but what happens when soils are exposed to multiple environmental stressors simultaneously? Spoiler: it's not good doi.org/10.1093/isme...

academic.oup.comFungicide and warming interact to reduce soil ecosystem functioningAbstract. Soil microbial communities are essential to the functioning of their ecosystems, providing vital services such as plant growth promotion and bior

Our results suggest that in simple consumer-resource systems superlinearity may be the baseline expectation. There’s still lots to uncover about the shape of density dependence in more complex systems, and this really matters for many areas of ecology (e.g. dynamics, conservation, harvesting). 5/6

Big thanks to Andrew Letten and our co-authors Kaleigh Davis, Alicia Williams, Jan Engelstädter and Daniel Stouffer. Thanks also to @giuliaghedini.bsky.social for organising a session on density dependence at #MMEE2026 where Andrew presented this work alongside great talks from other groups! 6/6

One reason why the shape of density dependence is still debated is that manipulating densities and measuring growth rates isn’t feasible in most systems. We therefore flipped the problem by manipulating growth rates and measuring densities in an approach we called “Growth-Density Inversion”. 3/6

This elegant idea was first proposed by Abrams (doi.org/10.1086/603627), and we applied it with E. coli and chemostats. We manipulated dilution rates and measured equilibrium densities. Inverting the observed relationship (green) revealed strongly superlinear density-dependent growth (blue). 4/6

Population growth slows down as density increases – but how does it slow? Do most declines in growth occur at low densities (sublinearity) or at high densities (superlinearity)? Theory suggests that superlinearity should be expected, but time-series analyses find evidence for sublinearity. 2/6

James Orr reposted

Bacteriophage continue to have so much to teach us. It's in our interest to understand how they work and impact human & environmental health. New joint work led by @mariandm.bsky.social & @rantahan.bsky.social inferring single-cell latent period & burst size heterogeneity from population dynamics.

science.orgInferring single-cell heterogeneity of bacteriophage lysis-associated life-history traits from population-scale dynamicsTheory-guided experiments reveal single-cell heterogeneity of lysis-associated bacteriophage traits from population scale data.

James Orr reposted

Eye-opening work by @olimeacock.bsky.social (former postdoc, now PI in Sheffield). He presents an exact mapping from steady-state consumer-resource to generalized Lotka-Volterra models, revealing that cross-feeding can lead to competition for other limiting resources. Feedback pls!

Oliver Meacock@olimeacock.bsky.social

New preprint from @saramitri.bsky.social and me: tinyurl.com/3dsjnm4d The headline result - we derive a general way to connect mechanistic ecosystem models to the gLV equation. This reveals that strengthening cooperative mechanisms can make effective gLV interactions increasingly competitive. Weird!

James Orr reposted

James Orr reposted

Was great to be at the @hometreecharity.bsky.social conference last week! Not the usual suspects in the room, which made for some interestingly left-field discussions. These events are really important and they actually run it at a loss - so fair play to them for creating the space. Some thoughts 👇

James Orr reposted

PLEASE SHARE. PhD Opportunity with me, Ben Raymond and Jan Engelstaedter and Andrew Letten at University of Queensland. Experimentally testing mechanisms of how temperature may change selection and spread of AMR in E. coli. Coupled with some advanced modelling and sequencing. 🧪🦠 #microsky

James Orr reposted

great summary of our newest paper - led by Abby Gilson #seaweed #MarineLife 🦑 #AlgalAwesomeness! #oceanfarmers

Annals of Botany@annbot.bsky.social

🌊🌿Join us to learn about the newly published “Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning: Increased species diversity does not increase the productivity of cultivated kelp” in @annbot.bsky.social by Abby Gilson and co-authors. (1/9) 👉 doi.org/qsqg @nessocon.bsky.social #aobpapers #macroalgae #kelpfarming

James Orr reposted

James Orr reposted

Very excited to share the latest work from our lab, which was published today in Nature! nature.com/articles/s41... PhD graduate and now post-doc Sofia Dahlman, along with co-senior author Sam Forster from The Hudson and other researchers from our lab and others.

nature.comIsolation, engineering and ecology of temperate phages from the human gut - NatureHuman host-associated cellular products may act as induction agents for bacteriophages.

James Orr reposted

Wolves were treated as a threat to livestock and hunted to extinction in Ireland, aided by bounties. Portrait of John Watson with hound at his side and skin of ‘last wolf in Ireland’ 1786 under their feet. Royal Dublin Society collection #InternationalWolfDay

James Orr reposted

Was great to attend a Summer Academy of the Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes. Really creative and clever students - enjoyed the seminar with the students and felt honored to give an evening talk in such a nice location on trends in insect populations. #Neubeuern #Studienstiftung #Insectdecline

James Orr reposted

James Orr reposted

James Orr reposted

Honoured to receive the 2024 Robert May prize !! 😊 🎉 Many thanks to the @britishecologicalsociety.org & @methodsinecoevol.bsky.social

Methods in Ecology and Evolution@methodsinecoevol.bsky.social

Congratulations to the winner of our 2024 Robert May prize!! 🏆 Read more about Maëlis’ research on the methods blog 👉https://methodsblog.com/2025/04/17/robert-may-prize-2024-winner-announced-for-early-career-researcher-award/

James Orr reposted

James Orr reposted

James Orr reposted

Happy to share our new paper! We tested how species evolve in response to #competition. We tracked the evolution of 3 #phytoplankton species, evolved alone or together. Our main finding is that #density-dependence weakens through #evolution to increase population production. doi.org/10.1002/ece3...

doi.orgEvolution Under Competition Increases Population Production by Reducing the Density‐Dependence of Net Energy Fluxes and GrowthUsing experimental evolution, we determined the impact of intra- versus interspecific competition on three marine phytoplankton species. We found that the species achieved the same evolutionary outco....

In our new paper we discuss how modern coexistence theory can help microbial ecologists tackle fundamental & applied questions, and how microbial systems can help to push coexistence theory forward! With Andrew Letten and Dave Armitage (@darmitage.bsky.social). doi.org/10.1111/1462...

doi.orgCoexistence Theory for Microbial Ecology, and Vice VersaClassical models from theoretical ecology are seeing increasing uptake in microbial ecology, but there remains rich potential for closer cross-pollination. Here we explore opportunities for stronger ....

James Orr reposted

We are excited to announce our new seminar series highlighting research on population biology and theoretical ecology from academics and post-grads based in the Asia-Pacific. We have a great line up of speakers for the next few months. Stay tuned for more info!