Jonathan Amos

Jonathan Amos

@jcdamos.bsky.social

Journalist. Former BBC Science Correspondent. Way too interested in icebergs for my own good.

185 followers106 following69 posts

End days for Iceberg A23. The two largest remaining fragments - A and K - had major blowouts on or just after the 28th of March. The largest chunks are ~50 sq km. A23 calved from the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf in 1986. Quite the journey it's had over four decades.

The last two big fragments of the once mighty A23 iceberg. The US National Ice Center calls the bottom-left object A23k and the top-right, A23a. Its latest report (20/3/26) said both were about 140 sq km. Latitude is roughly 50 deg S.

Iceberg A23a today (17 Feb). A totally clear sky. Utterly stunning. Still refusing to die. Still 500 sq km in area. Image from the Modis instrument on the venerable Aqua satellite, another oldie that's still plugging away.

The landscape hidden beneath Antarctica's ice sheet has been mapped from space for the first time. Scientists used hi‑res satellite observations to track how the continent’s frozen surface bunches and dips as it moves over the rugged rock bed below. www.bbc.co.uk/news/article...

bbc.co.ukNew map reveals landscape beneath Antarctica in unprecedented detailScientists believe the map could shed light on how Antarctica's vast ice sheet will respond to climate change.

One big paddling pool becomes three. Today's view of iceberg A23a (left) and a view from the end of December (right). Notice how the raised rim effect, holding in surface meltwater, has re-established on all three main segments of the broken berg. A23a is turning to slush puppie.

💥 Boom! And it's just happened. The huge volumes of meltwater that had collected on the surface of iceberg A23a have triggered a massive and catastrophic hydrofracture event. Much of the berg has turned to mush. Three major segments remain, the largest about 500 sq km.

Want to see an iceberg turn to mush? What remains of iceberg A23a (<1,000 sq km) is about to experience death by hydrofracture. Look at all the meltwater sitting atop the berg. The whole thing could just fall apart any day now.

Jonathan Amos reposted

Replying to @jcdamos.bsky.social

I haven't heard about the disagreements. The ice was sitting on an ice plain - a very flat bed with low basal drag. These are present beneath the downstream parts of many Antarctic glaciers where the sediment they transport has built a depositional body known as a grounding zone wedge.

"Such records are vital for distinguishing between rapid grounding-line retreat, as is reported to have occurred at Hektoria Glacier, versus the retreat of a floating ice margin through “conventional” iceberg calving processes," says polar SAR specialist Frazer Christie at Airbus Defence and Space.

But the paper has caused a stir because there is wide disagreement in the glaciology community about precisely where Hektoria had been fully grounded on bedrock due to a lack of high-accuracy satellite records.

A fascinating paper in @NatureGeosci that has already sparked considerable debate in the ice community. It's the super-fast withdrawal of Hektoria Glacier on the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula in 2022/23. Words by me in @newscientist.com www.newscientist.com/article/2502...

newscientist.comAntarctic glacier's alarming retreat is the fastest ever seenHektoria glacier on the Antarctic Peninsula retreated 25 kilometres in just 15 months. Its rapid melt could have implications for other glaciers and the rate of sea level rise

Hektoria lost ~25km in 15 months, with 8.2km fragmenting in just the Nov/Dec of 2022. Naomi Ochwat et al point to a particular vulnerability: an "ice plain" - a big section of glacier ice sitting on flat seabed rock that suddenly goes afloat, spitting off icebergs like crazy.

Jonathan Amos reposted

Speed reading "Science under Siege" - ahead of next week's recording of BBC Science in Action, where co-author @michaelemann.bsky.social joins a panel on the front line of the current assault on science, to answer what can be done. An appropriate topic for the last edition of the 60yr old series.

Ooops! It's happened again. The remnants of iceberg A23a have been caught on another Taylor Column, this time above the NorthWest Georgia Rise to the north of South Georgia BOT. The fragments have spun around and around for more than a month now.

Fab first data from the UK-supplied Microwave Sounder on the new Metop weather satellite. MWS combines obs from the old MHS & AMSU instruments. MWS measures the temperature and water content sitting at different altitudes. Fundamental data needed by computer models' for medium range forecasts.

🌎 Fresh data just in from space: the first results from the Microwave Sounder and Radio Occultation Sounder onboard @eumetsat.int’s MetOp-SG-A1 satellite are here, after less than a month in orbit: esa.int/Applications... 📸Eumetsat

Really clear view today of Iceberg A23a's big fragmentation event. Going back through the data, I think it happened on the 25th/26th. Image from NASA/Terra/Modis. Each new fragment is probably big enough to get a US National Ice Center designation. Likely A23g, A23h and A23i.

🚨🚨🚨Boom! Iceberg A23a looks to have undergone a major fragmentation event in the past 24 hours. I count at least three "daughter" bergs (g, h and i ?). Further satellite imagery will confirm. The last intact measurement I made was ~2,250 sq km. @bas.ac.uk

OK, the US National Ice Center was being a bit more generous than me. It logged A23a at 2,371 sq km. For comparison, the current title holder of the "world's biggest iceberg" is A15a at 3,070 sq km, grounded in the Amery Sea off East Antarctica.

Sentinel-1 has finally got a clear view of iceberg A23a (13/6/25). The berg is much diminished as it skirts around South Georgia. And the US National Ice Center has updated its stats: A23a is now only the world's second biggest berg at 829.79 sqNM, or 2846,11 sqKM.

The movement of iceberg A23a over the past seven days. It's moved about 80km to the southeast of the position where it grounded off the coast of South Georgia in early March. Zoomed in animation from Meteosat-12.

You can see the original grounded position in this BBC map. The berg is following the expected track, riding the prevailing current and hugging the continental shelf. It could always ground again. But if not, it should sweep around SG and go north.

Somebody's got itchy feet! Iceberg A23a has moved in the past couple of days. It grounded close to South Georgia back at the beginning of March. But the erosion and melting since then has clearly allowed it to break free. Does it now reground or sweep off around the island?

And I'm pretty sure now that A23a is no longer the "World's Biggest Iceberg". D15a is larger in my view. But only the US National Ice Center can make that determination and its listing doesn't yet reflect this.

Jonathan Amos reposted

Latest #CopernicusAtmosphere AOD forecast (from 30/05 00 UTC) shows smoke plume from devastating (&growing) Canadian #wildfires continuing across the Atlantic with hazy skies for Europe over next few days atmosphere.copernicus.eu/charts/packa... @copernicusecmwf.bsky.social @ecmwf.int

Mark Parrington@mparrington.bsky.social

A new smoke plume from Canadian #wildfires crossing the North Atlantic in next few days to Europe noting also #SaharanDust for NW Africa/SW Europe. #CopernicusAtmosphere 27 May 00 UTC aerosol optical depth forecast atmosphere.copernicus.eu/charts/packa... @copernicusecmwf.bsky.social @ecmwf.int

With days shortening at South Georgia (it's about 8 hours from sunrise to sunset), optical satellite coverage in the region is getting more restricted. Not so for Meteosat, which images the Europe/Africa hemisphere regardless of season. Hence we get a few views of iceberg A23a. Still grounded.

Jonathan Amos reposted

I can't shake the feeling that these ideas are getting far more attention than their credibility and maturity warrant! Cutting global greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible is the key to tackling global warming. www.thetimes.com/uk/science/a...

thetimes.comHope to halt climate change by thickening Arctic sea iceThe government has outlined how it will spend £57 million on research on geo-engineering projects designed to cool the planet

There was a spectacular view of iceberg A23a on 3 May. Clear skies over the berg and South Georgia. By my measurement, A23a is no longer the world's biggest iceberg. At ~2850 sq km, it's now bested by D15a - but only just. The US National Ice Center will be the final judge on the matter.

Jonathan Amos reposted

This is almost unbelievable. It's now May and there is still virtually no new sea ice forming in the Bellingshausen Sea (lower left region in image). Image showing sea ice concentration derived from AMSR satellite data is by Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Germany.

View full thread

Jonathan Amos reposted

View full thread

In other words, there’s a “regime change” in which large bergs are replaced by countless small bergs as the North Sea's ice shelves shatter in response to rising temperatures.

This underscores thinking about Antarctica. Large calvings like A23a are not necessarily a sign of instability. “Rather, ice shelves disintegrate via death by a thousand cuts. We should be concerned when we stop seeing the large calving events,” Mickey MacKie tells me.

View full thread

In Antarctica, megabergs calve from ice shelves. The recognition that tabular bergs once existed in the North Sea tells us the seaward margins of the retreating British and Irish Ice Sheet at the end of the last glacial maximum also had ice shelves.

Here's the thing: In the North Sea, the comb-like furrows cut by the big bergs are eventually over-written by squiggly troughs made by the narrow keels of much smaller ice blocks.

"We can estimate from the extent of the scours and what is known about ancient sea levels that these bergs were probably five to a few tens of kilometres wide and perhaps a couple of hundred metres thick." ie Think blocks of ice the size of Cambridge or Bristol 😲

US National Ice Center formally catalogues A23c, the big off-cut from grounded behemoth A23a. Daughter berg is ~130km² - or 2x Manhattan Island. A23a (~3,100km²) only needs to lose another ~30km² to hand "World's Biggest Iceberg" title to D15a (~3,070km²) in Amery Sea.