A. H. Zakai

A. H. Zakai

@kripken.com

Software engineer (compilers: WebAssembly, Emscripten, Binaryen). Used to study neural networks. Loves fantasy novels and Agatha Christie. he/they All opinions here are my own, not my employer's (Google). More in: http://kripken.github.io/blog/about/

5.1K followers738 following2.2K posts

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Thread about claims like "OpenAI should have just sandboxed the agents better" "OpenAI shouldn't have run the agents with the anti-hacking guardrails off" (so many articles are making these points that I'm not going to bother linking)

This is why I am excited about Goose in a way I haven't been about any new programming language since Rust. Putting aside GC, even heap allocations have overhead. And it is very natural to do quite a lot of allocations in C/C++/Rust. A language without heap allocations can be a lot faster!

binji @binji.bsky.social

Yes, in at least some of the benchmarks we’ve seen the “expert” C code ends up looking similar to the idiomatic goose code. The difference is that goose has features to make it easier to maintain, and is memory-safe.

LLMs can pass the Turing Test. That, not their successes on math and code, is why we can expect their general abilities to continue to make progress. The Turing Test by definition requires general ability, and Turing was very right to focus on that.

#BruceSterling@bruces.bsky.social

*I don't get why any "general" intelligence automatically appears in the process here. Maybe you just get huge oversupplies of math and code. Like, to the unpleasant levels of endless traffic jams and ear-splitting noise.

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Math and code are two tasks that are easy to verify, but that we can't objectively measure LLM ability on, say, summarization of the main points in a novel, doesn't mean it isn't doing very well there.

The main way this could be false is if LLMs were not actually passing the Turing Test. That we are tricked by superficial fluency into accepting incoherent output (anthropomorphization, like with ELIZA). This is a major skeptical argument, but the evidence for it is mixed at best.

LLMs can pass the Turing Test. That, not their successes on math and code, is why we can expect their general abilities to continue to make progress. The Turing Test by definition requires general ability, and Turing was very right to focus on that.

#BruceSterling@bruces.bsky.social

*I don't get why any "general" intelligence automatically appears in the process here. Maybe you just get huge oversupplies of math and code. Like, to the unpleasant levels of endless traffic jams and ear-splitting noise.

Also, progress is inevitable once you get to a certain level on the Turing Test. If a computer can provide a useful, relevant answer to a general prompt, it will do that 2x faster when hardware is 2x faster. And if you run 2 agents, it is yet another general problem to pick the best between them.

Good article, but I disagree. My main issue: if aliens arrived tomorrow & exhibited clearly-sentient behavior, we would believe they were conscious. We wouldn't wait to check what's inside their heads, which substrate-dependence views ("only carbon-based life can be conscious") would have us do.

Anil Seth@anilseth.bsky.social

1/2 Three reasons why AI is not conscious - and perhaps never will be. New in @nature.com with Ned Block @neddo.bsky.social and Giulio Tononi www.nature.com/articles/d41...

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It would be absurd to say "Klingons aren't conscious" in Star Trek (even before dissecting one, or before learning about the Progenitors and the shared origins)

Yes, this tackles the question from the side of "what would we call conscious" rather than "what actually *is* conscious", but I am with Wittgenstein here: the meaning of a word is tied to how we use it.

Good article, but I disagree. My main issue: if aliens arrived tomorrow & exhibited clearly-sentient behavior, we would believe they were conscious. We wouldn't wait to check what's inside their heads, which substrate-dependence views ("only carbon-based life can be conscious") would have us do.

Anil Seth@anilseth.bsky.social

1/2 Three reasons why AI is not conscious - and perhaps never will be. New in @nature.com with Ned Block @neddo.bsky.social and Giulio Tononi www.nature.com/articles/d41...

The opposite, in fact: not only wouldn't we wait, but if we later found what was inside their heads, we'd add it to the list of things that support consciousness.

Really, really cool to see that we can beat C/C++/Rust at efficiency And in a nice high-level language, not handwritten assembly or anything like that

Wouter van Oortmerssen@wvo.bsky.social

The first independent benchmark featuring Goose is out, making it 42% faster than the next fastest languages (C and Rust) across 50 real world inspired tasks: kostya.github.io/LangArena/#/...

A. H. Zakai reposted

If you recognize the Apple II peripheral in this photo...you're one of the few!🕹️ And if you actually HAVE one, or know someone who does... Please contact me!! 💾 It's a 1980 VersaWriter, the graphic tablet I used to create the rotoscoped Karateka animations. 🙏 Sadly, I got rid of mine long ago.

"That only plausibly looks like a chess move" I sneer as Stockfish absolutely destroys me

Bram Spookmund@brambrockmund.bsky.social

Not to dunk, but this is anti-anthropomorphising ad absurdum. LLMs don't output "something that plausibly looks like a sentence", they output sentences. Torturous phrasing doesn't serve clarity.

Revisiting Suleyman's "AI is not conscious" article from last month, I was struck by the claim that "a growing body of evidence" suggests consciousness requires life. A "growing body of evidence" - ?

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(Side note: both of Suleyman's supportive links for the "growing evidence" claim are from the same author. In fact they have almost the same content. One is an academic paper and the other seems to be a more accessible, expanded version of it.)

Revisiting Suleyman's "AI is not conscious" article from last month, I was struck by the claim that "a growing body of evidence" suggests consciousness requires life. A "growing body of evidence" - ?

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In the two links Suleyman provides as support, there is no empirical evidence that points one way or the other. Just philosophizing. There isn't a growing body of evidence, there is a growing body of *arguments*. Which is great! But it isn't evidence.

Also, let's be real: a major reason for the uptick in "AI can't be conscious" arguments is exactly because of the appearance of machines that at least seem to be conscious - i.e. that pass the Turing Test. If there is any empirical evidence here, surely at least *some* goes the other way.

Revisiting Suleyman's "AI is not conscious" article from last month, I was struck by the claim that "a growing body of evidence" suggests consciousness requires life. A "growing body of evidence" - ?

When we say "a growing body of evidence supports Einstein's theory of relativity", we mean physicists measured the positions of the stars and found Einstein's theory predicted them better. The data could have gone either way. It went Einstein's.

Anyone who says the math of neural networks is trivial should be prepared to answer questions like "why does stochastic gradient descent not get stuck in local minimums?"

ponder@ponder.ooo

anyone who says the math of transformers is trivial should be prepared to answer questions like "what's up with the sqrt(d_k) term in SDPA?" on the fly and not just say some vague shit or dodge the question

Very interesting work! I definitely *want* this to be true, and it seems plausible. If it is, it could end up a Very Big Deal, as in, very possibly the neurons in our brains are also "clean" in this sense. ...but I would wait for some peer review:

Ryan Moulton@moultano.bsky.social

Haven't read this yet, but I'm posting it because it seems important and I want to. already-clean.goodfire.com

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If 90%+ of neurons are ("clean") detectors, then I'm puzzled as to where computation/representation/etc. are done. The article does mention attention heads, the Transformer mechanism that may well underlie name-agnostic computation. So... maybe that is it? But is 90% of LLM work just detection..?

Anyhow, those are the questions I am left with after reading that. How likely are their findings to be replicated? I wouldn't want to guess, but again, it seems plausible to me.

Very interesting work! I definitely *want* this to be true, and it seems plausible. If it is, it could end up a Very Big Deal, as in, very possibly the neurons in our brains are also "clean" in this sense. ...but I would wait for some peer review:

Ryan Moulton@moultano.bsky.social

Haven't read this yet, but I'm posting it because it seems important and I want to. already-clean.goodfire.com

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I mean that there can be many interpretations for a set of things, and any set of things might have *some* interpretation. But there is causal experimentation here too (steering), so this concern may be somewhat addressed.

Another concern: "neuron for terrier dogs" is a *detection* neuron, but more than detection is surely happening. My favorite example is that LLMs summarize a short story the same way even if you change character names. Their internal representation is fairly "name-agnostic".

Very interesting work! I definitely *want* this to be true, and it seems plausible. If it is, it could end up a Very Big Deal, as in, very possibly the neurons in our brains are also "clean" in this sense. ...but I would wait for some peer review:

Ryan Moulton@moultano.bsky.social

Haven't read this yet, but I'm posting it because it seems important and I want to. already-clean.goodfire.com

First, as a quick summary: the article argues that the great majority (90%+) of neurons in artificial neural networks are actually easy to interpret. Like "this is a neuron for terrier dogs". And this has been staring us in the face, almost, but scientists missed it. Exciting, if verified!

Throwing massive amounts of LLM interpretation power at neurons seems to succeed here. But it is also *interpretation*, fundamentally. An example: > a neuron that tracks ‘a sense of righteousness when a bargain purchase turns out to work better than the expensive alternative’

I read Blindsight, since so many people are talking about it. It's full of wild, clever ideas, and doesn't have a boring moment. A fun read. ...but what the author was trying to *do* with those ideas is not really clear to me.

"Consciousness is needed for language and aesthetic appreciation, but little else", "consciousness might be a phase in our species" - Interesting thoughts but none of them really made sense to me, tbqh. Not by themselves and not as fleshed out in the story.

A. H. Zakai reposted

If we want to regulate AI, why not start with a simple law forcing LLMs to use "Meesa" instead of "I"? Easy to build, easy to verify and deflates a hype while still allowing people to use chatbots (so no one can claim we are limiting anything)

In Tao's defense, I think his (valid) point here is the risk of misalignment. That seems clear from his next few slides after. He isn't saying "we must fully understand medical drugs" (factually false; and maybe he is ignorant of that fact, but I suspect he's just speaking loosely).

SE Gyges@segyges.bsky.social

i hate this

He *is* saying "a stage 3 trial + a Lean proof is not enough". Because the AI might find a loophole to get through the medical trial, and the Lean proof might in theory depend on a Lean bug or be stated in a way that misleads as to what is proven.

Even with a stage 3 trial + a Lean proof of some new drug, we want humans to do some checking. Not necessarily to 100% understand the entire proof or the entire drug mechanism. But to carefully rule out large misalignment risks. Some amount of human understanding remains critical.

The ancient Greeks were geniuses, but I don't think they knew better than us here. It is only around the Enlightenment, long after them, when the question of consciousness really becomes challenging, because of modern science.

conputer dipshit@davidcrespo.bsky.social

my wife notes the ancient Greeks had nothing quite like our concept of consciousness. they were probably right

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That's why thought experiments like Leibniz's Mill came up then, which really stress the mind-body problem. Also why Descartes suggested the pineal gland was where the soul connects to the body, which for him was just a machine, a clockwork, and hence entirely separate from thought.

So while the ancient Greeks may not have needed a word for consciousness, I think we do. We need a way to talk about the thing in Leibniz's Mill that is *not* purely mechanical, that doesn't fit into our modern concept of the world.

The ancient Greeks were geniuses, but I don't think they knew better than us here. It is only around the Enlightenment, long after them, when the question of consciousness really becomes challenging, because of modern science.

conputer dipshit@davidcrespo.bsky.social

my wife notes the ancient Greeks had nothing quite like our concept of consciousness. they were probably right

Once the world looks like a big mechanism driven by impersonal physical forces, then subjective experience suddenly becomes far harder to explain. And that only really happened around the 17th century.