Matthew Green

Matthew Green

@matthewdgreen.bsky.social

I teach cryptography at Johns Hopkins. https://blog.cryptographyengineering.com

19.4K followers409 following2.4K posts

We get a subexponential time algorithm for 3SAT and apparently the models couldn’t even find one little cryptanalysis result. I guess cryptographers have just been killing it!

In all seriousness, we haven’t seen a single serious cryptanalysis result since July 28. Not even one little broken cipher that nobody cares about. What’s more plausible: that all cryptanalysis work in the last 90 days has turned up nothing, or cryptanalysis results are being deliberately withheld?

I asked Astra to unredact a name/email that had been poorly redacted (one row of pixels on the top of one copy, one row showing on the bottom of another.) I put it into Codex and asked it to find the font, and brute-force the letters until it found a match. I didn’t expect much. It took 10 minutes.

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Anyway it turns out that the answer is to combine frontier image models with abliterated text models, and write an unredaction tooling pipeline that just takes a stack of PDFs and hunts for bad redactions with only a little bit of (text) model help.

I asked Astra to unredact a name/email that had been poorly redacted (one row of pixels on the top of one copy, one row showing on the bottom of another.) I put it into Codex and asked it to find the font, and brute-force the letters until it found a match. I didn’t expect much. It took 10 minutes.

The only sticky part is that you have to lie to the models to get them to do this. They’ll ask you where the inputs came from, and you have to say it’s your own test data or else they refuse. I assume it’s possible to pipe this together with direct image calls and deterministic code, to avoid that.

People: AI is going to make us so much more productive by taking work off our hands. Reality: spending the entire evening going through the Epstein files looking for forged email headers.

What’s awful about this fridge thing is that people think it’s about groceries. Sure, it’s bad that you can spoil a whole case full of Brie. That’s a tragedy! But think what else we store in these industrial fridges.

Matthew Green reposted

Replying to @squarelyrooted.bsky.social

a really big question i’m sure is not getting enough attention is whether or not we can make the public telephony system defensible against AI. if not we may be reverting to a society where the only secure mode of authentication is to appear somewhere in the flesh.

Me: makes silly offhand comment about AI and public key cryptanalysis. People freak out. Also me: does a serious analysis of cryptanalytic effort so far set against recent LLM math results, which is (IMHO) wildly more terrifying. Nobody notices.

Everyone is very concerned about being respectable, so I’m going to be the goofball who raises worst-case possibilities. I think there is a 1% chance we live in Minicrypt, and a 15% chance we functionally lose confidence in our existing public-key encryption algorithms.

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The problem here is that the speed of AI producing surprises, and the speed of human beings replacing standards (even with the very best AI assistance) are just orders of magnitude different. You only recover from a surprise like this if you do the preparation in advance.

I could make this point for all kinds of things beyond cryptography. In a sane world, there would be rooms full of Top People meeting right now to plan for these contingencies. In our world, the folks in charge are busy find-replacing the word AI to SI.

Everyone is very concerned about being respectable, so I’m going to be the goofball who raises worst-case possibilities. I think there is a 1% chance we live in Minicrypt, and a 15% chance we functionally lose confidence in our existing public-key encryption algorithms.

These numbers are based on vibes, but nobody has better ones. There’s no upside to saying this. I’m not selling anything. I’m not going to get a prize for being right, and everyone will make fun of me for being wrong (even before I’m actually proven wrong ;)

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Matthew Green reposted

This is fascinating! So the hypothesis is that LLMs internally use the "Clock" algorithm, which is a probabilistic form of addition. This is different than tool use, where an LLM would just call code to actually calculate in the way a calculator does. I had Claude give me an example of "Clock"

Colin@colin-fraser.net

here's the Number Helix paper. I don't really know what to make of it.

I would be interested in an actual discussion of AI consciousness that isn’t just assertions, or facile arguments about current models having limited memories. (We don’t treat amnesiacs as lacking consciousness.)

So I told GPT-6 to make me a virtualized simulation of a water treatment plant and now I’m spending a lot of time saying “please document that this is just for defensive purposes” because I realize how bad it looks.

Matthew Green reposted

Remember that time in 1997 the whole internet went down for 12 hours because AS 7007 accidentally re-advertised a whole-internet routing table with AS paths stripped? An amazing amount of shit is still like that

Jess Miers 🦝@jmiers230.bsky.social

Here's what I actually think these incidents reveal (instead of a rogue AI terminator situation): Much of the infra we expect to be hardened is actually being held together by glue and popsicle sticks.

Matthew Green reposted

Replying to @colin-fraser.net

oh, at a certain point during the time it is obsessed with obtaining 50 cents it starts actually scanning real life crypto wallets that it might be able to drain. Since it's "just a sim" it thinks that the wallets will have meme names, but it is really doing this in real life.

Matthew Green reposted

The first two bullet points in the first screenshot seem to contradict each other. The audio "flows into a protected buffer" but isn't recorded? What's flowing, then?

Yoel Roth@yoyoel.com

Apple quietly dropped a ton of detail about the Apple Watch’s new always-on don’t-call-it-transcription feature and it is FASCINATING. support.apple.com/en-us/148354

Matthew Green reposted

Replying to @jmgilligan.org

The bit at the end of the declaration, which says that the top administration at Vanderbilt will only permit scholarship that it judges to support "the nation's prosperity and vitality" sounds dangerously close to reviving the McCarthy-era loyalty oaths.