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looked at in longer perspective, it's striking how much this resembles the premodern system of exclusion, rents, and personalist connections, which was--and this part's important--radically worse than the modern system of impersonal rules and general taxation

Boston’s chief planner is a true believer in the San Francisco model, in which you make it impossible to profitably build apartments by-right so developers are forced into a politicized discretionary negotiation with the city, which relaxes the rules in exchange for below-market units.

the idea that a city's social services should be paid for one-by-one by these insane discretionary deals on a development-by-development basis is just madness. it's such a tremendous drain on the general prosperity in return for ???

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Where I live (rural county) the planning commission is run by real estate developers, who hand great deals off to buddies. Huge subdivisions are approved that are contrary to the approved zoning plan, and no real impact fee is assessed.

So the existing tax base now has to pay to build additional schools and fire stations required by the large influx of people. Schools are over crowded. Property tax aces are skyrocketing. And developers were making an obscene profit.

Roads feeding freeway were never widened to accommodate the hundreds of additional commuters, so once again taxpayers are ponying up to fund roads that the developer should have been forced to expand.

one of the really useful takeaways from fukuyama's political order books is a clear conceptual understanding of what corruption *is* in its fundamental nature. and the answer... is patronage networks organized on personal connections! corruption is *inherent* in these discretionary systems!

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Hayek is also good on this of course. "Impersonal rules >> executive discretion" is like the whole of the road to serfdom standing on one foot, the rest is commentary.

Which is also what's bad about the tech giants rejecting the whole idea of customer service: gmail is as important as a government agency and your only real option if something goes wrong, is the patronage network option — you gotta know somebody who knows somebody. It's Extremely Bad.