Conor McClune

Conor McClune

@cmcclune.bsky.social

Plants, specialized metabolism, synthetic biology, protein evolution, and everything in between. Postdoc at Sattley & Fordyce Labs, Stanford Previously SynBio @ Voigt & Laub Labs, MIT

580 followers949 following43 posts

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Today in Nature we report a systematic strategy to activate & identify gene sets in plants. We identify 8 new genes from the yew tree's Taxol biosynthetic pathway, enabling us to engineer tobacco with 17- & 20-gene pathways to Taxol precursors baccatin III & deBz-deoxy-Taxol #SingleCell #secmet 🧬🧪🌾

nature.comDiscovery of FoTO1 and Taxol genes enables biosynthesis of baccatin III - NatureAn approach that combines single-nucleus RNA sequencing and multiplexed perturbation identifies genes that enable the biosynthesis of direct precursors of the anti-cancer drug Taxol, whose curren...

Conor McClune reposted

Plants can synthesize mimics of the insect molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) to defend against pests. In this preprint, we discover that two plant families independently evolved biosynthetic gene clusters to make 20E. Amazing team effort by my lab! www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

biorxiv.orgConvergent biosynthesis of insect molting hormones in plantsInsect herbivores have driven plants to evolve complex chemical defenses, including mimics of the arthropod molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Many distantly related plants produce 20E, suggest...

Conor McClune reposted

Conor McClune reposted

Reminiscing about the fantastic 4th SBNP Conference in 2024! 📢 Interested in joining us for the 5th edition? Visit the conference website today to secure your place at the best available price. We look forward to welcoming you later this year 🎉 Conference Website: bit.ly/3OX3KEM

Lovely C&EN @cenmag.bsky.social story on the history and personal impact of the cancer drug Taxol. After spending recent years deciphering how yew trees, our source for Taxol, synthesize this lifesaving drug, it’s so nice to see it in the larger context #secmet #medsky Plants are amazing chemists.

cen.acs.orgPaclitaxel saved my life. New discoveries could boost supplyAfter decades, scientists have finally pieced together the 23-step biosynthetic pathway to produce this cancer drug

Conor McClune reposted

Conor McClune reposted

Do you know what happens when you touch a carnivorous sundew plant? If the touch is strong and large enough, a cytosolic calcium wave will spread from the site of touch throughout the whole plant, but if you only touch one tentacle (see post below), the calcium wave will be local and less intense.

Conor McClune reposted

Conor McClune reposted

Conor McClune reposted

Scientists, please take a moment to comment on these plans to limit animal testing in drug regulation and biomedical research. Use whatever experience you have to make your comments specific to you. The law requires regulators take these comments into account, so it might help. Mine is attached.

John Wallingford@jbwallingford.bsky.social

The NIH is asking scientists and the public to comment on plans to drastically limit animal model research. If you think animal models remain important tools for basic and clinical research tell them! Click the link below and scroll down to send your comments! www.fda.gov/news-events/...

Conor McClune reposted

I just learned these this elephant-trunked-shaped cells, known as ciliate, put their sexy DNA into a special pocket (called a generative nucleus), and the rest of their DNA in a normal get-shit-done nucleus. It has functional specialization nuclei. Respectfully: holy shit 🧵🧪

Conor McClune reposted

Conor McClune reposted

A friend of my compared gutting of federal agencies to a wrecking a car: if you remove 30% of the parts of the car, it does not go 30% slower. It stops working.

Conor McClune reposted

It makes sense that skin microbes would have an intimate relationship with our immune cells. But engineering these bugs into topical vaccines still feels like sci-fi. Congrats @djenetbousbaine.bsky.social on the well deserved prize

Djenet Bousbaine@djenetbousbaine.bsky.social

It’s truly an honor to receive this year’s @science.org Noster Microbiome prize. Here’s my essay on how we can engineer skin microbes to build topical vaccines:

Conor McClune reposted

Pithy coverage by @plantaeofficial.bsky.social of our recent Taxol work #chemsky #medsky

Plantae.org@plantaeofficial.bsky.social

Plant Science Research Weekly -- Elucidation and recreation of the biosynthetic pathway for taxol (Nature) @cmcclune.bsky.social‬ (Summary by Mary Williams @PlantTeaching.bsky.social) buff.ly/miccEK3 #PlantaePSRW

Conor McClune reposted

Conor McClune reposted

🔓Don't miss this #OpenAccess Highlight in our MS Metabolomics themed collection by Brett C. Covington & Mohammad R. Seyedsayamdost at Princeton University looking at the evolution of high-throughput mass spectrometry in screening for cryptic natural products #natprod

pubs.rsc.orgUnlocking hidden treasures: the evolution of high-throughput mass spectrometry in screening for cryptic natural productsCovering: 1994 to 2024 Historically, microbial natural product discovery has been predominantly guided by biological activity from crude microbial extracts with metabolite characterization proceeding…

Excited to see this great coverage in C&EN of our work on how yew trees synthesize the chemotherapy Taxol #medsky 🧪

Baccatin III is a key precursor for the chemotherapy drug Taxol, and scientists have now figured out how it’s made in yew trees. cen.acs.org/biological-c... #chemsky 🧪

Conor McClune reposted

Conor McClune reposted

Thank you to @frankelab.bsky.social for his eloquent overview in Nature news on our Taxol paper. He deftly articulates the history of this longstanding biochemistry challenge. rdcu.be/eqwOy

Conor McClune@cmcclune.bsky.social

Today in Nature we report a systematic strategy to activate & identify gene sets in plants. We identify 8 new genes from the yew tree's Taxol biosynthetic pathway, enabling us to engineer tobacco with 17- & 20-gene pathways to Taxol precursors baccatin III & deBz-deoxy-Taxol #SingleCell #secmet 🧬🧪🌾

Today in Nature we report a systematic strategy to activate & identify gene sets in plants. We identify 8 new genes from the yew tree's Taxol biosynthetic pathway, enabling us to engineer tobacco with 17- & 20-gene pathways to Taxol precursors baccatin III & deBz-deoxy-Taxol #SingleCell #secmet 🧬🧪🌾

nature.comDiscovery of FoTO1 and Taxol genes enables biosynthesis of baccatin III - NatureAn approach that combines single-nucleus RNA sequencing and multiplexed perturbation identifies genes that enable the biosynthesis of direct precursors of the anti-cancer drug Taxol, whose curren...
View full thread

Beyond Taxus and metabolism, we think this is a generalizable strategy to identify genes sets of value, even in especially intractable eukaryotes. But we’d love to hear your ideas and thoughts!

Today in Nature we report a systematic strategy to activate & identify gene sets in plants. We identify 8 new genes from the yew tree's Taxol biosynthetic pathway, enabling us to engineer tobacco with 17- & 20-gene pathways to Taxol precursors baccatin III & deBz-deoxy-Taxol #SingleCell #secmet 🧬🧪🌾

nature.comDiscovery of FoTO1 and Taxol genes enables biosynthesis of baccatin III - NatureAn approach that combines single-nucleus RNA sequencing and multiplexed perturbation identifies genes that enable the biosynthesis of direct precursors of the anti-cancer drug Taxol, whose curren...
View full thread

These discoveries let us engineer a 17-gene pathway into tobacco to produce baccatin III at levels comparable to the concentrations in yew. Because baccatin the current industrial precursor extracted from yew plants to produce Taxol, this represents a major step towards its sustainable production

Today in Nature we report a systematic strategy to activate & identify gene sets in plants. We identify 8 new genes from the yew tree's Taxol biosynthetic pathway, enabling us to engineer tobacco with 17- & 20-gene pathways to Taxol precursors baccatin III & deBz-deoxy-Taxol #SingleCell #secmet 🧬🧪🌾

nature.comDiscovery of FoTO1 and Taxol genes enables biosynthesis of baccatin III - NatureAn approach that combines single-nucleus RNA sequencing and multiplexed perturbation identifies genes that enable the biosynthesis of direct precursors of the anti-cancer drug Taxol, whose curren...
View full thread

Beyond FoTO1, our approach identified enzymes that fill in the gaps for Taxol biosynthesis. By combining our new discoveries with previously known enzymes, we built up the pathway towards Taxol

A second major big was that transient modifications (absent from Taxol) appear necessary for some intermediate enzymes. 5 acetylations are needed, while baccatin/Taxol have only 3. Co-expression analysis led us to both the acetyltransferase to install these and the de-acetylases to remove them.

Today in Nature we report a systematic strategy to activate & identify gene sets in plants. We identify 8 new genes from the yew tree's Taxol biosynthetic pathway, enabling us to engineer tobacco with 17- & 20-gene pathways to Taxol precursors baccatin III & deBz-deoxy-Taxol #SingleCell #secmet 🧬🧪🌾

nature.comDiscovery of FoTO1 and Taxol genes enables biosynthesis of baccatin III - NatureAn approach that combines single-nucleus RNA sequencing and multiplexed perturbation identifies genes that enable the biosynthesis of direct precursors of the anti-cancer drug Taxol, whose curren...
View full thread

We applied our new approach approach to find the missing Taxol synthesis genes in the yew genome. We found that known Taxol genes cluster into 3 coexpressed modules, not one. Within these modules, we found 8 new genes in the Taxol pathway, including several biological and chemical surprises.

Among them was FoTO1, from a family with no precedent in plant metabolism. FoTO1 completely resolves the dramatic inefficiencies of the first oxidation reaction, where T5aH produces mostly side products (blue). With FoTO1, it produces only the correct product (red). Mechanistic research ongoing!

Today in Nature we report a systematic strategy to activate & identify gene sets in plants. We identify 8 new genes from the yew tree's Taxol biosynthetic pathway, enabling us to engineer tobacco with 17- & 20-gene pathways to Taxol precursors baccatin III & deBz-deoxy-Taxol #SingleCell #secmet 🧬🧪🌾

nature.comDiscovery of FoTO1 and Taxol genes enables biosynthesis of baccatin III - NatureAn approach that combines single-nucleus RNA sequencing and multiplexed perturbation identifies genes that enable the biosynthesis of direct precursors of the anti-cancer drug Taxol, whose curren...
View full thread

Yew has thousands of specialized metabolism genes but how do they fit into individual pathways? To differentially activate pathways, we devised a scaled strategy for tissues perturbation. With snRNA-seq we capture of 10^5 cells across 100s of samples. Importantly, this works with non-model organisms

Thanks to heroic previous work, we know some of the enzymes in the Taxol pathway. But 1) we were missing many enzymes and 2) all reconstitution efforts go off the rails at the second step. That oxidation, by T5aH, mostly makes incorrect products, suggesting we were missing something

Today in Nature we report a systematic strategy to activate & identify gene sets in plants. We identify 8 new genes from the yew tree's Taxol biosynthetic pathway, enabling us to engineer tobacco with 17- & 20-gene pathways to Taxol precursors baccatin III & deBz-deoxy-Taxol #SingleCell #secmet 🧬🧪🌾

nature.comDiscovery of FoTO1 and Taxol genes enables biosynthesis of baccatin III - NatureAn approach that combines single-nucleus RNA sequencing and multiplexed perturbation identifies genes that enable the biosynthesis of direct precursors of the anti-cancer drug Taxol, whose curren...

Taxol shows how hard it is to find valuable plant genes. This yew-derived blockbuster cancer drug (billions/yr for 25yr) has treated millions, but we still harvest from plants (4 trees per patient!) because it's too complex to synthesize affordably & we hadn’t found a complete biosynthetic gene set

Co-expression (genes with correlated activation) is our main tool for identifying plant gene sets, but often lacks the resolution needed in the huge plant genomes. For Taxol, we need ~20 genes from the yew genome (3x larger than ours, barely annotated). Find 20 needles in a 50000-gene haystack