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I mean, judges can’t know every obscure law but freedom of the press is a pretty big one. “Hey, the government wants to execute a search warrant on a reporter. As I’ve been trained in issue-spotting, let’s look into that more before granting it.” Did they lie to the judge or just not tell them.

Wait, so a judge is not aware of the law?! WTF, isn’t KNOWING the law a requirement for being a judge?! Even as an average citizen, I knew that raiding a reporter’s home to acquire her contacts, is Constitutionally illegal.

For folks asking why the judge did this: the short answer is that attorneys have a "duty of candor to the court." I posted a fuller explanation here: bsky.app/profile/nanc...

Nancy Chadwick@nancychadwick.bsky.social

I'm not an attorney, but maybe this will be helpful to you. Lawyers have a duty of "candor to the court". This means they must answer Q's a judge asks them with honesty; they must make good-faith representations in any docs they file with a court. Last month, a federal court judge in

Judges are most acquainted with *procedural* rules, so they can run their courtrooms effectively. As for case law or statutes pertaining to individual cases, this is learned mostly ad hoc. They rely on their clerks. And the prosecution is obligated to inform the court of exculpatory evidence/laws.

Betty, If the state came in and said, "we alleged this guy killed a dude," I would expect the judge to know that killing a dude IS AGAINST SOME FUCKING LAW!!! This was a dumb fucking judge.

This is actually a little confusing. “The judge said during the hearing that he had declined to approve the warrant for materials from reporter Hannah Natanson several other times.” So why did he grant it this time? Did they mention the privacy law in earlier affidavits?

I'm not an attorney, but maybe this will be helpful to you. Lawyers have a duty of "candor to the court". This means they must answer Q's a judge asks them with honesty; they must make good-faith representations in any docs they file with a court. Last month, a federal court judge in

FL (Judge Dalton) said in his Opinion that the Govt's lawyers had violated that duty of candor because they had failed to disclose cases/laws that were *contrary* to the Govt's position. The Judge wrote, in part: "Don't hide the ball. Don't ignore the overwhelming weight of persuasive

authority as if it won't be found. .... Members of this Bar have a duty of candor to the Court. The Government's response (Doc. 11) does not meet that standard." The Judge ordered the attorneys to file a doc explaining why they shouldn't be punished. So, to answer your Q: it's

Apparently in our fucked up "adversarial" court system, the judge is a passive umpire who is not concerned about the law, truth, facts, innocence, guilt, they only do idiotic procedures. Everything is left to the prosecution or defense interpretation of the law and playing games on the jury.

Interesting (new to me) thing about US law. I suppose it makes sense in a system where many judges are elected but where prosecutors are expected to be professionals. In the UK, where judges are professionals, there's a legal fiction in court that the judge knows all the law. /

A barrister arguing with the judge doesn't say "you're wrong", they have to say "may I remind you that in <such-and-such> a case it was ruled that" or some similar language.

Interesting additional information for non-US citizens. Does this apply only to federal judges or to state judges as well? And yes, by professional I meant qualified lawyers.

Regardless of how it's supposed to be, any judge that's not themselves a fascist should treat anything coming from the regime as totally suspect. They should have their aides quadruple checking everything. Political and legal norms are moribund in this country. Judges should respond accordingly

Which one of the dime store lawyers Trump has running DOJ did the judge expect to know about laws or the constitution? That’s a pretty high bar for that bunch. It won’t get any better until they actually start paying a price for their insouciance and contempt of the law and the courts. Disbar them.

A lie of omission is still a lie. The founders should have anticipated this and put it in one of the early Amendments that this sort of thing was illegal. Somewhere around the 4th Amendment, maybe.

Pretty telling of the state of our "justice" system that sitting judges are ignorant of the laws they're expected to apply. Regardless of what the prosecution is obligated to do, it's terrifying our freedoms could be taken away by people only partially aware of what they're doing.

It's literally his job. Judges are not supposed to rubber stamp warrant applications. They're supposed to review them and make sure the government isn't trying to take something they aren't supposed to.

but the key word here is "application". if the government doesn't disclose material things like specific laws that apply in this specific situation, how's the judge supposed to know? officers of the court have duties to explain this shit.

Judges know procedural stuff for the most part. They rely on their staff and lawyers before them to point out the substantive laws because literally nobody can be an expert on every area of law. Same way you don't really want a neurosurgeon taking care of a preemie in a NICU if possible

This was my first thought, as well. On reflection though, you can't expect jidges to know *everything* about the law. I'm guessing It's like expecting a medical director to be an expert in every field of medicine.

I specialize in bankruptcy law, for 36 years. I was up for consideration as a bk judge against another specialist. I know consumer inside out, he knows cirporate inside out. We both freely admitted we were going to lean heavily on litigants to educate us. The judges who appoint bk judges knew that.

It is the course’s obligation to disclose all relevant law, but this is not an obscure area of the aw. The judge absolutely, positively should have known that a subpoena was at least the preferred option. I did. And I’m a jd who never practiced

This is the most basic and fundemental freedom of press protection there is. Judges are not supposed to be encyclopedias, but this is akin to a proctologist not knowing a human body needs oxygen, just because it's not his speciality. No matter how long ago law school was, this can't be forgotten.

The DOJ is absolutely in the wrong here, but a request by this DOJ to search a reporter's files should have at least raised a red flag with a judge of even modest street smarts. If you think I'm off base here, what do you think he'll do next time he gets a request like this?

No, its the job of the attorneys to be candid. Maybe people see too many movie & TV judges, no one knows the entire massive breadth of the law. Lawyers have an ethical obligation to disclose.

This thread is full of people that can't accept that somehow a judge isn't responsible for knowing the laws related to the warrants they're signing, even after they've dismissed the same warrant multiple times. Lawyers lie. Clerks lie. This is some "just following orders" bullshit.

I get that he can’t know everything, but isn’t there some kind of Constitutional Spidey Sense that would go off when you’re looking at a warrant to seize property from a WP reporter? Maybe something about a free press?

You’re assuming that a magistrate has a clerk. And that a clerk has the time to research relevant law on all warrants, in addition to doing the rest of the clerk’s job. How many warrants do you think a magistrate gets a day? This is 100% on the DOJ for seeking a dodgy warrant.

We’ve seen the same question come up repeatedly in response to this post. Prosecutors have a duty under ethical rules to disclose to judges not only the laws that support their position, but also adverse authority that undermines it.

No, it's when requesting warrants. The person whose home, possessions, etc, will be searched isn't present to object. In those circumstances, the law adverse to the governments request must be presented to the judge.

it is absolutely not basic knowledge; the PPA has come into play by our research fewer than 100 times in the last 40 years. There's no reason for a federal magistrate to know about it, which is why prosecutors have an obligation to disclose it. (Which they didn't do in my case, either.)

American Carne@americancarne.com

Everyone making excuses for the judge is ridiculous. As many have pointed out - this is such basic knowledge.

I’m not a judge but if a law enforcement organization came to me and asked for permission to raid a reporters home OR office - I would immediately be asking some questions. It doesn’t sound legal and its not legal. A judge giving permission should be doing more than rubber stamping raids.

Just a strong disagree. Magistrate judges get training and that training should include all exceptions to search warrants, as it does at most state judge level trainings. The affidavit here identified Natanson as a journalist. No excusing the DOJ. But the magistrate bears some responsibility.

As I have posted on my own account, I have represented journalists subject to search warrants several times and in those case, the cops never identify the target as a journalist, usually because they know that will lead to greater judicial scrutiny.

I promise you that this magistrate (appointed by Article lll district judges) got turned out by his bosses. They get at least one full time career clerk and one term clerk, almost all from Ivy. Fuck, even a Google AI search for “can the DOJ search a reporters files” gives the right answer.

1) There is too much law for anyone to know all of it. Similarly, there is too much science for anyone to know all of it. Too many sports for everyone to know all of them. Too many computer languages for anyone to know all of them.

2) We generally have an *adversarial* legal system. That means two sides, each zealously presenting their best arguments and citations to the law. Each is motivated to present relevant stuff. The judge is informed by these two motivated presentations.

3) This is part of why legal ethics and effective counsel are so important. The lawyers should present strong cases, and do so honestly. Because judges depend on those presentations. Legal ethics are rather well defined and lawyer are obligated to stay current on THIS part of legal practice.

4) Getting warrants is NOT adversarial. Only one side—the prosecutors—present their argument. (This kind of one-sided presentation is called “ex parte”, and is only allowed in certain circumstances. Legal ethics and judicial ethics make this clear).

Even if it's a rubber stamp, a LEO still has to ask for it. For too many of them, the ask is still an unreasonable requirement. But it also means their name gets attached to the ask. They're sol If the search turns into something the LEO wanted no part of.

Doesn’t sound like he’s going to hold the criminal MF DOJ lawyers in contempt though. FFS. Sure hope he punishes them by returning all the devices to the WaPo journalist and not setting up a filter team.

There are *thousands* of federal laws. I'd be surprised if any judge knew *every* federal law that exists. The attorneys in a case are supposed to cite authorities (laws and/or "case law") that relate to the issues in the case. DOJ didn't do that here.

Every judge has to do their due diligence in every case. A lawyer has Professional ethics rules to abide by, just as I do as a CPA, or a Board of Overseers will either suspend/revoke your license. When will frivolous lawsuits be thrown out? When will the Bar Association step in?

Lawyers, incl DOJ, have a duty of "candor to the court" & if they "hide" facts or law contrary to their client's case, the court can sanction them per Rules. My understanding is that the state courts, not Bar Assn, handle matters of law license suspension/revocation. E.g., revocation of the law

There's a ton of engineer energy in the "judges don't know laws, lol!" comments. The smug superiority of knowing how to code in a couple languages makes them certain everything else, law, medicine, public policy, is just a Google search away. Makes them horrible clients, trying to wreck thrir cases

Expecting the current Department of Injustice to follow the rules is a bridge too far. It was likely intentional or incompetent or a combination of both.

I’ve heard of this law but it’s pretty obscure, no shade on the judge for not knowing about it. It’s called the First Amendment of the United States Constitution.

OK, this is very bad from the DOJ but he is also a judge presumably with access to law clerks and didn't think a request like that from THIS DOJ deserved a little advance scrutiny?