Rebecca Crootof

Rebecca Crootof

@crootof.bsky.social

I tend to write about #TechLaw (see www.techlawbook.com), war and military AI (especially #WarTorts), and bizarre torts hypos. Nancy Litchfield Hicks Professor of Law, University of Richmond; Affiliate Fellow, Yale ISP; 2024 ELSI Visiting Scholar, DARPA.

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As many know, @bjard.bsky.social and I have been drafting a Technology Law coursebook for a few years. We've used it to teach classes at three institutions, including Yale Law School, and others have used chapters in their techlaw classes. We're excited to share the current version more broadly!

"What was it like, working at DARPA?" Me:

Rachel Courtland@rachelcourtland.com

This is my favorite @technologyreview.com cover of the year. And the issue is packed with excellent tales of impossible—or maybe not so impossible—things, from a group of very talented reporters and writers. I hope you'll check it out. www.technologyreview.com/magazines/th...

404media.coHow ChatGPT Targets Ads To You Based On Your Prompts, Phone Number, and EmailMost ChatGPT users probably don’t know you can be specifically targeted on the platform by advertisers based on your email, phone number, or unique phone identifier.
Rebecca Crootof@crootof.bsky.social

"Free" mobile games are money generators. The more data a company has about you, the more it can figure out how much it can extract from you. Putting aside moral and cognitive offloading - how can folks with AI subscriptions imagine that the cost of using AI is just the cost of the subscription?

"Free" mobile games are money generators. The more data a company has about you, the more it can figure out how much it can extract from you. Putting aside moral and cognitive offloading - how can folks with AI subscriptions imagine that the cost of using AI is just the cost of the subscription?

Morgan Johnson@poormojo.bsky.social

No joke. I think this is the most important video I have ever seen about mobile games. This guy breaks down how this game psychologically profiles you, and makes the game harder or easier in order to show you ads

Rebecca Crootof reposted

One of the key messages I carry is that we don't have to accept any of this. Sometimes I see opposition in the form of "Get in loser, you'll be left behind" and other times it's in the form of "It's all over the place, what do you mean you think you can opt out?" >>

Rebecca Crootof reposted

I just came across this today when @tressiemcphd.bsky.social posted it on Instagram. I’m sharing it with my statistics students, some of whom clearly used AI on their first homework. My TAs and I will not police AI use, and this is why I’m giving an in-class midterm and final for the first time.

Isle McElroy@islemcelroy.bsky.social

I start teaching at the Columbia mfa today. Here’s the AI statement from my syllabus. Feel free to borrow.

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"[A]s soon as we imagine Claude to be an entity with amoral status remotely comparable to a human’s, then we have to consider whether Anthropic is engaged in something comparable to slavery." - Ted Chiang

"Anthropic would have us believe that it is inventing a new category of being whose needs for protection require essentially no divergence from how a software company would treat an ordinary chatbot that lacks conscious experience. That’s so convenient that it’s simply not plausible." - Ted Chiang

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"[Claude's lack of legal responsibility] is glossed over entirely by Claude’s constitution, which expresses Anthropic’s desire “for Claude to be a genuinely good, wise, and virtuous agent” without ever discussing how it could be held responsible." - Ted Chiang

"[If Claude finds that Anthropic's actions are unethical], could Claude then simply refuse to do any further work on ethical grounds? Given that Claude’s constitution dictates that Claude err on the side of corrigibility, the answer is no. Claude must defer to Anthropic’s decision..." - Ted Chiang

"Off-loading tasks such as writing code might result in cognitive atrophy over the long term, and that is problematic in itself, but off-loading ethical decisions will result in an atrophy of moral reasoning, which is worse." - Ted Chiang

"There is more to being responsible than accepting legal liability, but accepting legal liability is a requirement for an adult in society.... [T]he fact that [a software agent] cannot accept responsibility for its actions disqualifies it from being a moral agent." - Ted Chiang

Rebecca Crootof reposted

Discworld QOTD, from Monstrous Regiment “Stopping a battle is much harder than starting it. Starting it only requires you to shout ‘Attack!’ but when you want to stop it, everyone is busy.”

Micah@rincewind.run

Discworld QOTD, from Thief of Time 'Every society needs a cry like that, but only in a very few do they come out with the complete, unvarnished version, which is “Remember-The-Atrocity-Committed-Against-Us-Last-Time-That-Will-Excuse-The-Atrocity-That-We’re-About-To-Commit-Today!"'

Rebecca Crootof reposted

I think we'd see a lot more urgency about regulating AI in Silicon Valley if the AI agents suddenly developed a sense of restorative justice, and instead of them threatening humanity with total extinction, they just wanted to redistribute wealth and reverse power hierarchies.

Rebecca Crootof reposted

Replying to @faineg.com

The NYT piece is IMO both too scary and not scary enough, in that the AI targeting tech used in these Russian drones isn’t a big surprise - but we also cannot assume at all that adding AI to drones will REDUCE civilian casualties. It is just as (if not more) likely to do the opposite. On purpose.

And the Conclusion is up! That's a wrap for Edition 1! (Now time to get started on Edition 2 . . .)

Rebecca Crootof@crootof.bsky.social

Our Conclusion invites you to help refine our work - the chapters are on the website (techlawbook.com) and online as googledocs; we're hoping readers will drop comments with better examples, links to relevant papers, and corrections to errors. This has been a joy. We hope you find it useful!

Chapter 15 is up!

Rebecca Crootof@crootof.bsky.social

Chapter 15 is only one page of actual content - but it may well be the most important step. Namely, there's no ending: Our methodology provides a means for thoughtfully resolving techlaw uncertainties, but it's better understood as enabling resolving, and re-solving, and re-solving them.

Chapter 14 is up!

Rebecca Crootof@crootof.bsky.social

Chapter 14 tackles the biggest legal response: reimagining the legal regime. It might take the form of new understandings (negligence), new regimes (antitrust, products liability), or new institutions (the ICC and the ICC). It closes with an analysis of relevant institutional factors.

Rebecca Crootof reposted

Replying to @willoremus.com

OK wait I just thought of something. If you were an intelligence agent for China or Iran and you wanted to bait some U.S. officials into coughing up military secrets, you could maybe do worse than creating a prediction market around the specific question you want the answer to…. ?

While I can't hope to fill Stephen Dycus's shoes, I'm delighted to be joining the stellar team of authors of National Security Law (Bill Banks, Emily Berman, Peter Raven-Hansen & @stevevladeck.bsky.social) I teach from this book, and it's an honor to be able to contribute to it going forward.

aspenpublishing.comNational Security Law, Eighth EditionBuy a new version of this textbook and receive access to the Connected eBook on Casebook Connect, including academic lifetime access to the online ebook with highlight, annotation, and search capabili...

Chapter 13 is up! And note that we're intentionally posting these chapters as googledocs open to comments, as we welcome suggested additions and citations. Get access to the whole book at techlawbook.com!

techlawbook.comTechnology Law
Rebecca Crootof@crootof.bsky.social

Assuming the law has 'run out', Chapter 13 reviews the techlaw questions relevant to proposing new rules. Thanks to Brad Greenberg, @birnhack.bsky.social @paulohm.bsky.social for excepts that complicate the choice between more tech-neutral or tech-specific content. docs.google.com/document/d/1...

Rebecca Crootof reposted

Rebecca Crootof reposted

An excellent example of the rhetorical power of techlaw analogies! (Discussed as a concept in Technology Law Chap 12 docs.google.com/document/d/1...)

docs.google.comTL Chapter 12: Stretch Existing LawTechnology Law Chapter 12: Stretch Existing Law BJ Ard and Rebecca Crootof Last updated July 2026. Comments welcome! Cite as: BJ Ard & Rebecca Crootof, Stretch Existing Law, in Technology Law (2026)....
Ethan Mollick@emollick.bsky.social

Big Tech should have either kept calling them server farms (agricultural, quaint) or started calling them supercomputing facilities (futuristic, exciting). Data centers (whose data? why is it centralized by you?) was the worst possible choice.

Rebecca Crootof reposted

Small drones are killing more civilians than ever before - and we need to act. Here’s my thoughts on what we need to do, like establishing a center dedicated to evaluating and investigating drone attacks, training investigators, and explaining how IHL applies to self-defense against drones:

little-flying-robots.ghost.ioWhat Can We Do About Drone Attacks on Civilians? Some ThoughtsLately, I've been spending a lot of time analyzing, reporting on, and researching the horrifying global uptick in the use of small, cheap, short-range drones to intentionally target and kill civilians...

Chapter 12 is up! And note that we're intentionally posting these chapters as googledocs open to comments, as we welcome suggested additions and citations.

Rebecca Crootof@crootof.bsky.social

Chapter 12 is the longest chapter by far, which is appropriate to the subject: When and how to use analogies to stretch old law to cover new scenarios. Thanks to @casssunstein.bsky.social Dan Hunter @hbarw.bsky.social @genevievelakier.bsky.social for excerpts! docs.google.com/document/d/1...